Timeline 1501 – 1588 — Ronnie Lee. rocks

1501

First black slaves in America brought to Spanish colony of Santo Domingo.

1503

Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa. Michelangelo sculpts the David (1504).

1506

St. Peter’s Church started in Rome; designed and decorated by such artists and architects as,

Bramante

Michelangelo

da Vinci

Raphael

and Bernini before its completion in 1626.

1509

Henry VIII ascends English throne.

Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

1513

Balboa becomes the first European to encounter the Pacific Ocean.

1517

Turks conquer Egypt, control Arabia.

Martin Luther posts his 95 theses denouncing church abuses on church door in Wittenberg—start of the Reformation in Germany.

1520

Magellan reaches the Pacific, is killed by Philippine natives (1521). One of his ships under Juan Sebastián del Cano continues around the world, reaches Spain (1522).

1535

Reformation begins as Henry VIII makes himself head of English Church after being excommunicated by Pope.

Sir Thomas More executed as traitor for refusal to acknowledge king’s religious authority

Jacques Cartier sails up the St. Lawrence River, basis of French claims to Canada.

1536

Henry VIII executes second wife, Anne Boleyn. .

John Calvin establishes Reformed and Presbyterian form of Protestantism in Switzerland, writes Institutes of the Christian Religion

Michelangelo’s Last Judgment

1543

Publication of On the Revolution of Heavenly Bodies by Polish scholar Nicolaus Copernicus—giving his theory that the earth revolves around the sun.

1547

Ivan IV (“the Terrible”) crowned as czar of Russia,

begins conquest of Astrakhan and Kazan (1552), battles nobles (boyars) for power (1564),

kills his son (1580), dies, and is succeeded by his weak and feeble-minded son, Fyodor I.

1553

Roman Catholicism restored in England by Queen Mary I

1558

Queen Elizabeth I ascends the throne (rules to 1603). Restores Protestantism, establishes state Church of England (Anglicanism). Renaissance will reach height in England,