1790
H.M.S. Bounty mutineers settle on Pitcairn Island.
Aloisio Galvani experiments on electrical stimulation of the muscles.
Philadelphia temporary capital of U.S. as Congress votes to establish new capital on Potomac.
Lavoisier formulates Table of 31 chemical elements.
1791
U.S. Bill of Rights ratified.
Boswell’s Life of Johnson.
1792
Mary Wollstonecraft’s Vindication of the Rights of Woman.
1793
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette executed.
Reign of Terror begins in France.
Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin, spurring the growth of the cotton industry and helping to institutionalize slavery in the U.S. South.
1794
Kosciusko’s uprising in Poland quelled by the Russians.
In U.S., Whiskey Rebellion in Pennsylvania as farmers object to liquor taxes.
Reign of Terror ends with execution of Robespierre.
1796
Napoléon Bonaparte, French general, defeats Austrians.
In the U.S., Washington’s Farewell Address (Sept. 17); John Adams elected president; Thomas Jefferson, vice president.
Edward Jenner introduces smallpox vaccination.
1798
Napoleon extends French conquests to Rome and Egypt.
U.S. Navy Department established.
1799
Rosetta Stone discovered in Egypt.
Napoleon leads coup that overthrows Directory, establishes the Consulate, becomes First Consul—one of three who rule France together.
Word count 189
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